1) PaTox is retaining bifunctional enzyme contains both glycosyltransferase and a deamidase domain. 2) It mono-O-glycosylates, eukaryotic Rho GTPases by using UDP-GlcNAc which result in inhibits Rho activation and prevents interaction with downstream effectors, resulting in actin disassembly, inhibition of phagocytosis and toxicity toward insects and mammalian cells. Thus, PaTox hijacks host GTPase signalling in a bidirectional manner by deamidation-induced activation and glycosylation-induced inactivation of GTPases.
